Vaccination against covid-19 in primary health care

Introduction: COVID-19 is a potentially serious infectious disease with high transmissibility and global distribution. In January 2021, vaccination began in Brazil, which is using four vaccines, Corona Vac, Astrazeneca, Pfizer and Janssen. In Fortaleza, vaccination is in the phase of application of the booster dose. While the vaccines may have raised hopes for a return to normal functions before the pandemic hit, they also raise questions about unknown effects and speculation about potential adverse effects, which could lead a part of the population to refuse the vaccine. Therefore, it is necessary to know the groups that are most resistant to the use of the vaccine and what strategic actions should be implemented to prepare the population for vaccination, in order to achieve high and homogeneous coverage between groups and locations. Methods: it is an analytical observational study, with a quantitative and qualitative approach. A questionnaire was applied through the Google Forms platform, addressing sociodemographic data and epidemiological profile of vaccination for Covid-19. The inclusion criteria used were individuals over 18 years of age scheduled for vaccination at UBS Benedito Arthur de Carvalho, who signed the Free and Informed Consent Term (FICT). Those individuals who did not sign the informed consent were excluded. The data were analyzed by the authors of the research and later compared and discussed with existing studies in the national and international literature. Results: the population enrolled in the area, in addition to presenting heterogeneous socioeconomic and cultural profiles, had varied knowledge about the relevance of vaccination against COVID-19. As for education, 56.3% of respondents reported not having access to university and only 39.1% of participants were in a formal employment situation. In addition, only 25.3% of respondents had a vaccine reaction to any of the doses received, on the other hand, 48% of those who considered not taking the vaccine did so for fear of reactions. Conclusion: it was evidenced that more than 30% of respondents hesitated to take the COVID-19 vaccine due to fear of reaction and uncertainty as to effectiveness. To encourage vaccination, health professionals can hold waiting rooms with UBS users, explaining the benefits it brings to the general population and the risk that non-adherence can cause. Furthermore, it is important to update and educational lectures aimed at professionals, especially community health agents, who are in greater contact with the population, and they should be trained so that they can take ownership of the subject and capture the largest possible number of people who are overdue for the COVID-19 vaccine or who for some reason have previously refused.