Proteins of oryza latifolia from brazilian pantanal: impact on the use of aminoacids and weight gain of animals

The rice is one of the foods of larger worldwide consumption, and its relevance is perceived by diversity of species already identified, one of them, the specie O. latifolia, common of the Brazilian Pantanal, presents itself with one possibility to be introduced in the human feed, considering the cultivation and sustainable consumption. The rice, specially the specie O. latifolia, is considered one alternative viable, because it presents high nutritional potential and when combined with the legumes offer the ingestion of essential nutrients. The aim of the present study was available the protein quality and the digestibility of the specie O. latifolia in experimental model. The grains of O. latifolia were collected in the Serra do Amolar no Pantanal, Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), Brazil. Already the grains of Phaseolus vulgaris were purchased commercially in MS, Brazil. The grains of O. latifolia were dried, peeled, polished, crushed, sifted and boiled. For chemical composition was utilized methodology pre-established. In the protein analysis, O. latifolia was extract with sodium chloride, followed of the analysis of the aminoacids, after protein hydrolysis, in temperature controlled. Identification of the amino acids was given by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). In biologic assay were used 32 rats (Wistar) distributed in 4 groups: Aproteic Group (1), Standard Group (casein) (2), Test Group (protein of the O. latifolia) (3), Test Group (protein of O. latifolia and of P. vulgaris) (4), after approve of the Ethics Committee on the Use of Animal, nº 167/2007. The food consumption and weight gain of animals were available, and collected the faeces and urine for the Nitrogenated Balance (BN), True Digestibility (TD), Biological Value (BV) and rates of protein utilization. The specie O. latifolia presented less quantity of the protein, ashes and fiber in comparison to P. vulgaris. On the other hand, the native rice demonstrated larger levels of the carbohydrates and lipids. The aminoacid composition reveled that O. latifolia and P. vulgaris had five limiting amino acids, being these isoleucine, lysine, threonine, leucine and the sulfur amino acids methionine + cystine and that felylalanine + tyrosine are the main amino acids present, followed by aminoacids lysine, leucine, valine, threonine among others to a lesser extent. Already the chemical composition of the diets revealed similar protein and caloric levels between O. latifolia and O. latifolia + P.vulgaris. The weight gain was more evident in the standard diet, followed by Test 1 and Test 2, likewise that the feed intake, ingested nitrogen and urinary. On the other hand, the Test 1 presented larger levels of fecal nitrogen, followed by Test 2 and standard diet. The BN and DV were more evident in the standard diet, followed by Test 1. The BV and protein use highlight for Test 2 and standard diet, followed by Test 1. The grains of O. latifolia presented revealed relevant nutritional content and aminoacid, which contributed significantly to the weight gain of the animals, possibly due to greater utilization of the liquid protein content, causing the species to be considered a viable alternative food for human consumption, as it provides high quality proteins, especially when combined with P. vulgaris.