Potential use of mesenchymal stem cells and bio-oss® in surgery skull-Maxillo-facial: a review

The WHO (World report on road traffic injury prevention, 2002) predicts that by 2020 road accidents are the third leading cause of facial trauma in the world. Moreover, according to the Brazilian Association of organ transplantation, the number of bone transplants per million population reaches 450 (18,200 transplants). The lack of bone in the alveolar ridge has been a major problem in functional aesthetic recovery in patients who have suffered dentoalveolar trauma, traumatic dental extractions, dental congenital absence, disease involving the maxilla and mandibular. With the emergence of regenerative medicine, the use of stem cells and adult stem cells is a new therapeutic modality with various treatments. Experimentally, tissue regeneration compounds such as periodontal tissue was also demonstrated, showing that AMSC associated with platelet-rich plasma can regenerate alveolar bone, cementum and periodontal ligament eight weeks after implantation. Thus, biomaterials Bio Oss® (Geistlich), being biodegradable, biocompatible, nontoxic, and its low immunogenicity, can act in the regeneration of bone tissue, they establish with mesenchymal stem cells from adipose tissue proper biological niche (microenvironment favorable) for bone growth, both in animal studies and in human studies.