Physiology and mineral composition of juçara palm consortiated with different arboreal species

The present study was carried out in an agroforestry system (SAF) with the objective of evaluating the physiological aspects of plant growth and the nutritional status of Juçara Palms. The forest stand was made up of blocks at random, with five treatments and four replications, in the scheme of subdivided plots, which constituted the treatments. Each plot was composed of 100 trees, 100 palm trees and 200 coffee trees, distributed in 10 lines with 10 trees, 10 palm trees and 20 coffee trees. The spacing was 3 x 2 m between trees and palm trees and 3 x 1 m between coffee trees, totaling 600 m² per plot and 1.2 ha in total. The observed variables were: internal carbon concentration, stomatal conductance, liquid photosynthesis rate, transpiration rate and water use efficiency (WUE), performed at 180 and 240 days after planting. For the Ci and gsvariables there was an interaction between the treatment and season factors and that only the treatment with Ipê-tobacco did not show any difference in the internal CO2 concentration in the analyzed Juçara plants. For the other treatments, the Ci verified in March 2020 was higher than that of September 2019. For variables A, E and A / E there was no interaction, but an isolated effect of the season factor. The internal concentration of carbon, the rate of liquid photosynthesis, the rate of transpiration and the stomatal conductance of plants in Juçara increases with the increase in water availability, and the treatments with Araribá and Ipê-tabaco presented, in general, the best results. The treatment with Ipê-tabaco showed the best nutritional status, considering all the evaluated nutrients together, and the joint evaluations of January 2020 showed results superior to the evaluations of September 2019.