Factors influencing osseointegration success: a literature review

Introduction: Osseointegration is a cellular biological process that corresponds to the physical union of the biomaterial dental implant with the natural bone of the living organism in which the device was implanted. Objective: The aim of the present study was to classify the factors that influence the success and failure of osseointegration. Materials and methods: A detailed search strategy was carried out in the PubMed, BBO and Google Academics databases over the last 10 years using as descriptors: ‘dental implants’ AND ‘implants complications’, ‘implants failures’ e ‘implants’ AND ‘survival’. The inclusion criteria was clinical articles with controls of more than 5 years, laboratory and literature review on the relevant subject. We excluded studies whose language was not Portuguese and English; expanded abstracts, non-conclusive studies, non-scientific journals, and articles with animal tests. Conclusion: Evidence confirms that materials for endosteal implants are efficient and with a high success rate, intercurrences occur due to inadequate hygiene care and deleterious habits, as well as incorrect planning, as well as poor bone quality, often lacking primary stability of the implant installed.