Respiratory functional repercussions of positive pressure therapy in the postoperative period of bariatric surgery: a systematic review

Bariatric surgery is an alternative intervention for individuals with morbid obesity, a pathology that compromises lung function due to its inflammatory and systemic character. As it is an upper abdominal wall surgery, it generates changes in the individual's respiratory mechanics, making it necessary to use Non-invasive Mechanical Ventilation. This study is a systematic review that aims to investigate the respiratory repercussions of positive pressure therapy in the postoperative period of bariatric surgery. A search was carried out in the following databases: SciELO, LILACS and MEDLINE, using the descriptors: “Continuous Positive Airway Pressure”, “Postoperative Care” and “Bariatric Surgery”, in addition to their correspondents in Portuguese. A total of 83 articles were identified and 78 were excluded due to duplicates or not meeting the eligibility criteria, with only 5 being selected to compose the review. The studies showed, regarding the use of Bipap, a reduction in atelectasis, less loss of residual expiratory volume and fewer postoperative complications, and regarding the use of Cpap, an increase in pulmonary oxygenation was observed. The subject lacks research with high methodological quality on the subject.