Epidemiological profile of pregnant women with hepatitis b in the state of piauí from 2012 to 2017

Viral hepatitis is a major public health problem worldwide. In 2015, viral hepatitis was responsible for 1.34 million deaths, which are associated with acute manifestations and the chronic development of the associated infection. The general objective of the study was to characterize the epidemiological profile of pregnant women with Hepatitis B in the State of Piauí, in the year 2012 to 2017.The study is quantitative, descriptive in nature with a retrospective and data survey approach, based on data provided by the State Department of Health of Piauí, based in Teresina - Capital of the State, Northeast Region of Brazil. The data were searched in the Information System of Notifiable Diseases - SINAN - of the Ministry of Health, comprising the period from 2012 to 2017, and tabulated in TABWIN and EXCEL. A total of 62 pregnant women registered in SINAN were analyzed, these pregnant women were infected with the Hepatitis B virus. Part of the pregnant women tested positive in the 1st trimester, or in the 2nd trimester, or in the 3rd trimester, with 37 (60%) tested only in the third trimester (table 2), i.e., the last period of pregnancy, while only 12 (20%) tested positive in the 1st trimester, and 13 (21%) in the 2nd trimester, noting that there are no cases reported in the following gestational periods: the 2nd trimester of 2016 and the 1st trimester of 2017. In the 224 municipalities of Piauí, , only 17 municipalities notified cases in these 6 years surveyed. Regarding the age groups, the one that contributed most to the number of notifications was between the ages of 20 to 34 years, covering a total of 50 cases (81%) of the 62 cases studied, in the period from 2012 to 2017 (table 3). Regarding prevalence, the year that had the highest rate was the year 2013, with 36.32% pregnant women with hepatitis B per 100,000 live births. However, the simple task of implementing routines in the services does not guarantee the expected return, since operational problems can compromise the effectiveness and efficiency of a program. Therefore, there is a need for periodical evaluations, Permanent Health Education with annual planning for the teams involved in the process, FHS and Maternities, and especially for pregnant women, as mentioned in this research, i.e., instruments capable of promptly detecting the deficiencies and providing subsidies for the correction of the problems identified.