Optimization method for the analysis of intermodal alternatives to transport soybean production in the States of Pará and Tocantins, Brazil

In Brazil, in particular, the states of the North Region themselves as new agricultural frontiers for soybeans. However, they need to be competitive in transporting production. In this context, this research performed an analysis of intermodal alternative routes using an optimization model based on linear programming, to analyze the transport network, plan the infrastructure and identify the best solution to flow production, in supporting of decision-making in the transport of soybeans for export. The case study was in the region located between states of Pará and Tocantins, close to the Araguaia-Tocantins waterway. Within the categories of linear programming models, the transport and transshipment problem cases were used. The model aimed to minimize transport costs from the production centers to the exporting ports, through the current infrastructure and, under scenarios of intermodal alternatives formed by the projects of Paraense Railway and Araguaia-Tocantins Waterway. The results showed that the scenarios with waterway transport bring greater benefit, achieving savings up to 23%, furthermore, the Vila do Conde port complex expands its zone of influence; thus, obtain an increase in the exported quantity in up to 1059.7%. Beyond that, the new routes reduce the flow in the main highways. The conclusion is that the intermodal alternatives favor the development of the states.