Evaluation of the clinical epidemiological profile of elderly people with low energy mechanism fracture of the proximal femur

Objective: To establish the clinical and epidemiological profile of proximal femoral fractures in elderly patients, contextualizing it with potential etiological risk factors and morbidity and mortality in the period from November 2020 to February 2021. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 61 patients radiologically diagnosed with proximal femur fracture at the Hospital Geral de Nova Iguaçu, metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro. The variables analyzed were: sex, age, race, fracture topography, sentinel fractures, time between the fall and hospital admission, comorbidities and laboratory changes. The information was collected from the medical chart and complemented in an interview with the patient. Statistical analysis was descriptive. Results: Patients were 70 years old on average, with a predominance of female gender (62.29%), white race (63.93%) and transtrochanteric fractures (59.01%). Low-energy trauma was the cause of 100% of the fractures. Presence of sentinel fracture (34.42%), anemia (80.32%), hypocalcemia (63.9%), hypertension (63.93%), and report of osteoporosis (18.03%) were observed. Conclusion: The knowledge of the epidemiological-clinical profile of this population about the epidemic of femur fracture reinforces the need for preventive health measures, guiding public policies directed to the health of the elderly, including osteoporosis screening and clinical control of comorbidities.