A study to assess the effectiveness of self instructional module on knowledge regarding life style modification of patient with heart failure among staff nurses in selected hospital mangalore

Heart failure is a common, costly, disabling, and potentially deadly condition, often called congestive heart failure or congestive cardiac failure, occurs when the heart is unable to provide sufficient pump action to maintain blood flow to meet the needs of the body. Healthy lifestyles are an important facet of cardiovascular risk management. The nurses play a vital role in assisting the patient by means of information, education, support, counselling and technical follow-up to control the heart disease. In order to deal with heart failure patients in an adequate manner, it is important for the nurses to acquire an in-depth understanding about the lifestyle modifications which are useful for the patients to keep the disease under control. In order to care for the patients in an evidence based and holistic manner, it is necessary for the nurse involved to have excellent technical knowledge regarding the modifications to be made in the daily routines. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of self instructional module on life style modification of patient with heart failure among staff nurses in a selected hospital at Mangalore. Objectives: The objectives of the study were: To assess the prior knowledge of staff nurses regarding the life style modification of patient with heart failure. To find out the effectiveness of SIM in terms of gain in post test knowledge score. To associate the pre test knowledge score of staff nurses regarding life style modification of patient with heart failure with selected demographic variables. Method: Pre-experimental one group pre-test post-test design was used for this study. The main study was carried out at Athena, Mangalore. The sample comprised of 50 staff nurses who met the inclusion criteria from the selected hospital were chosen by convenience sampling technique. Formal written permission was obtained from the authority to conduct the study. Pre test was conducted using a structured knowledge questionnaire. Self instructional module was administered on the 7th day. Post-test was conducted on 14th day after the pre test by using the same structured knowledge questionnaire. The data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Paired ‘t’ test was used to find the effectiveness of self instructional module and Chi-square test was used to find the association of pre-test knowledge score with selected demographic variables. Result: The mean post-test knowledge score 25.88 (86.27%) was higher than the mean pre-test knowledge score 12.88 (42.91%). The mean percentage knowledge score of pre-test was maximum in the area of Section - A Anatomy and physiology of Heart (53.2%) and minimum in the area of Section-C Life style modification of patient with heart failure (39.81%) and the mean percentage knowledge score of post-test was also maximum in the area of Section - C Life style modification of patient with heart failure (86.72%) and less in the area of Section- A Anatomy and physiology of Heart (85.6%). The mean difference between post-test and pre-test knowledge score was highly significant. There was no significant association of pre-test knowledge score with selected demographic variables such as age (χ2=0.57), gender (χ2=0.025), professional qualification (χ2=3.78), years of experience (χ2=5.104), area of experience (χ2=2.329) and in-service education attended (χ2=0.126) at 0.05 level of significance. Interpretation and Conclusion: The study has shown that majority of the staff nurses had inadequate knowledge on life style modification of patient with heart failure; however the knowledge has significantly improved after the administration of self instructional module. Hence it was concluded that self instructional module was an effective teaching strategy in improving the knowledge of staff nurses regarding life style modification of patient with heart failure.